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The reality of punishments in kindergarten
VOŘÍŠKOVÁ, Štěpánka
The aim of the thesis is to attempt and explore the reality of punishment in nursery schools. The theoretical part deals with punishment from the psychological and pedagogical point of view, with the issue of the punishment of children in general, as it is viewed by expert community, and also other related issues such as legislation, obedience, authority, behavioural norms etc. This thesis is of exploratory nature. In the practical part the data has been obtained through a qualitative research method. Opinions of kindergarten teachers on the use of punishment at nursery schools, as well as the children´s own experience with punishment, are surveyed through semi-structured in-depth interviews.
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Conception of responsibility in school-aged children
Bártová, Ludmila ; Klusák, Miroslav (advisor) ; Hříbková, Lenka (referee)
This study is based on the research work on moral development written by J. Piaget. It is focused on a development of responsibility (on the child view on responsible behaviour in different age) and on an upbringing to responsibility. Study proceeds from structured interviews with children at the age of 4-13 years. There was used qualitative processing focused on an aspect of development. As a result of presented study there was found out the development of responsibility in three areas. Responsibility for rules develops from an obedience, through justice to equity. Responsibility for social environment develops from politeness to friends to politeness in general and from respecting the law of small groups to respecting the law of big groups. Responsibility for one own thinking develops from black-and-white views to reasoning in the context. Research next discusses the use of expiatory punishment and punishment by reciprocity in upbringing. This study is of benefit to closer view on the responsibility in it's own meaning. There is an inspiration for upbringing children to responsible behaviour. Results can also be a source for future studies in the area of moral development. Key words: responsibility, justice, obedience, expiation punishment, punishment by reciprocity, reasoning in the context.
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Social psychology of Nazism: conformism, obedience and abuse of power
Vejvodová, Kristýna ; Kosek, Jan (advisor) ; Agha, Petr (referee)
Social psychology of Nazism: Conformism, Obedience and Abuse of Power Thesis Social Psychology of Nazism: Conformism, Obedience and Abuse of Power deals with a human behaviour at the time of Nazism. Since the end of the Second World War, we have been trying to find an explanation of our actions at the time. How could we have participated in torturing and killing so many innocent people? And could we commit something similar again? The horrific nature of the above-mentioned human action is exemplified in the first chapter of this thesis by the story of ordinary men of the Reserve Police Battalion 101. In 1942, at the orders of their superiors these very ordinary German citizens executed 1500 Jewish inhabitants of the Polish village of Józefów. In the following chapters, three important socio-psychological experiments of the second half of the 20th century are analyzed to elucidate the natural tendencies of human behaviour that are critical to a person's ability to act as mentioned above. Firstly, the Solomon E. Asch experiment, which investigates conformism and helps us to understand why we are able to commit evil or not to intervene against it under social pressure. Stanley Milgram's experiment on obedience follows. Milgram indicates how it is easy for most people to obey the authority and follow...
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Social psychology of Nazism: conformism, obedience and abuse of power
Vejvodová, Kristýna ; Kosek, Jan (advisor) ; Agha, Petr (referee)
Social psychology of Nazism: Conformism, Obedience and Abuse of Power Thesis Social Psychology of Nazism: Conformism, Obedience and Abuse of Power deals with a human behaviour at the time of Nazism. Since the end of the Second World War, we have been trying to find an explanation of our actions at the time. How could we have participated in torturing and killing so many innocent people? And could we commit something similar again? The horrific nature of the above-mentioned human action is exemplified in the first chapter of this thesis by the story of ordinary men of the Reserve Police Battalion 101. In 1942, at the orders of their superiors these very ordinary German citizens executed 1500 Jewish inhabitants of the Polish village of Józefów. In the following chapters, three important socio-psychological experiments of the second half of the 20th century are analyzed to elucidate the natural tendencies of human behaviour that are critical to a person's ability to act as mentioned above. Firstly, the Solomon E. Asch experiment, which investigates conformism and helps us to understand why we are able to commit evil or not to intervene against it under social pressure. Stanley Milgram's experiment on obedience follows. Milgram indicates how it is easy for most people to obey the authority and follow...
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Asceticism of the East and West Christian tradition focused on evangelical counsels in the work of Tomas Cardinal Spidlik
Láznička, Viktor ; Sládek, Karel (advisor) ; Matějek, Jaromír (referee)
The aim of the thesis is to compare the Eastern and Western Christian ascetic practices focused on obedience, chastity and poverty, i.e. the evangelical counsels, in the work of Cardinal Špidlík. It is exactly Špidlík's work that is a significant source for this subject. As an expert of the Eastern tradition and at the same time a member of the Jesuit order, Cardinal Špidlík, the theologian of the undivided Church, is very well familiar with both spiritualities. Subsequently I analyze the possibilities of layman to live according to these counsels, which is also a bonding line of the whole thesis. Last but not least, this thesis aims to reflect through secondary literature the Špidlík's concept of evangelical counsels and also the possibilities of laymen to live according these counsels. Keywords christian spirituality, asceticism, obedience, poverty, chastity, layman, evangelical counsels
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Benedict's Book - Monastic Rule of Western
Valová, Terezie ; Veverková, Kamila (advisor) ; Lášek, Jan Blahoslav (referee)
Summary: The thesis focuses on a piece of work in the form of a monastic rule which considerably influenced the whole Christian world, significantly contributed to the formation of spirituality of monastic communities, shaped the European culture and has much to say even today. The rule derives its name from its author, St. Benedict of Nursia. Given the considerable impact of his work on shaping the subsequent history of monasticism, St. Benedict is rightly called the Father of Western Monasticism. The first part introduces the Rule of Saint Benedict (Regula Benedicti). It refers to the period of its creation when certain common foundations of monastic life existed but lacked any solid anchoring. Despite the existence of other monastic rules, the Rule of Saint Benedict became the leading one thanks to its clarity and brevity. The second part deals with the Rule of the Master (Regula Magistri), an anonymous collection of monastic precepts which played a significant role as a source material for the Rule of Saint Benedict. St. Benedict took a large number of rules from it while he edited some of the original rules and intentionally omitted others. He moderated the strict text of the Rule of the Master since he was aware of human weakness. He infused the precepts with love. The third part, the longest in its...
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Conception of responsibility in school-aged children
Bártová, Ludmila ; Klusák, Miroslav (advisor) ; Hříbková, Lenka (referee)
This study is based on the research work on moral development written by J. Piaget. It is focused on a development of responsibility (on the child view on responsible behaviour in different age) and on an upbringing to responsibility. Study proceeds from structured interviews with children at the age of 4-13 years. There was used qualitative processing focused on an aspect of development. As a result of presented study there was found out the development of responsibility in three areas. Responsibility for rules develops from an obedience, through justice to equity. Responsibility for social environment develops from politeness to friends to politeness in general and from respecting the law of small groups to respecting the law of big groups. Responsibility for one own thinking develops from black-and-white views to reasoning in the context. Research next discusses the use of expiatory punishment and punishment by reciprocity in upbringing. This study is of benefit to closer view on the responsibility in it's own meaning. There is an inspiration for upbringing children to responsible behaviour. Results can also be a source for future studies in the area of moral development. Key words: responsibility, justice, obedience, expiation punishment, punishment by reciprocity, reasoning in the context.
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Christ's prototypes in Isaac and Joseph Egyptian
Yahoda, Tetyana ; Větrovec, Pavel (advisor) ; Hřebík, Josef (referee)
Bachelor thesis "Christ's prototypes in Isaac and Joseph Egyptian" shows through hermeneutical principle of spiritual interpretation of the Scripture how two significant patriarch figures of Israel nation - Isaac and Joseph - herald the New Testament image of human Jesus Christ in particular in the context of his redemption of Easter. After a short reflection of the relation between the Old and New Testament the study passes to the analysis of the particular key texts: oblation of Isaac in Gn 22 and the longer and coherent narration about Joseph in Gn 37; 39 - 45, in context with Gn 37 - 50. As to the firs patriarch Isaac, the sacrifice of the son strikes very deeply his father Abraham, but he obeys the word of God. We can see the same obedience also in the sacrifice of the son of God and in the desire of the Heavenly Father that people have faith based on recognition of the truth of God's love. As regards the second patriarch Joseph, the rejected son becomes a promise and hope for the life of many people from different nations and even a reason for a conversion of brothers. The analogy witha Christian soteriology is obvious and intentional.
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The Mimesis - Imitatio in the autentic Letters of Paul
Mátiková, Anna ; Brož, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Scarano, Angelo (referee)
Mimesis - Imitatio in the Authentic Letters of the Apostle Paul The first part of the thesis provides the reader with a concise overview of different semantic levels of the term mimesis as found in the ancient literature written in the Greek language. Furthermore, the author focuses her attention on the use of the concept of mimesis in the Old Testament, and the New Testament writings other than Paul's authentic letters. Such a survey prepares the ground for a detailed study of the concept of mimesis in the authentic letters written by the Apostle Paul. The idea of mimesis is present in Paul's authentic letters in five explicit passages (1 Tess 1:6-7; 1 Tess 2:14; 1 Cor 4:16; 1 Cor 11:1 a Phil 3:17). Each of the passages is studied within the whole context of the respective letter, written for a group living its own particular situation. The thesis compares different exegetical solutions from several researchers. Some of the researchers understand Paul's appeal to imitation as a call to be obedient to his teaching. Other experts are more inclined to understand this imitation as an authentic representation of the Cross in the life of Jesus' followers. The thesis tries to prove that the mystery of Christ's kenosis, expressed in a very significant way in the Christological hymn contained in the Letter to the...
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The question of liberty and obedience in the work of Saint Ignatius of Loyola
Antošíková, Dagmar ; Sánchez Fernández, Juan Antonio (advisor) ; Housková, Anna (referee)
Title: The Question of Liberty and Obedience in the Work of Saint Ignatius of Loyola Abstract: The thesis investigates the question of liberty and obedience in the work of Saint Ignatius of Loyola and offers a basic survey of the literary heritage of the great Spanish mystic. Three of his works (Spiritual Exercises, Autobiography and Constitutions) and two letters dealing with obedience have been used as the sources and analyzed. In conclusion, the obedience and liberty in the interpretation of Saint Ignatius of Loyola are in substantial agreement and compatibility in the sense of inner freedom according to the Christian traditions. Saint Ignatius' contribution to the mystic literature was the fact that he emphasized one's own experience as the individual experience of an autonomous personality. Rather than to describe in detail his own ecstatic feeling he aspired to capture a day-to-day mysticism and his intensive pursuit of God's will. Key words: Loyola (St. Ignatius of), obedience, liberty, Spiritual Exercises, Autobiography, Constitutions, mystic literature.
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